DEFINITION OF 7 OSI LAYER WITH ITS FUNCTIONS ~ ZAMAN NOW

OSI is a communication standard that is implemented within a rekentuig network. Standards that cause all communication tools can communicate with each other through the network. The OSI reference seperti (Open System Interconnection) illustrates how information from an application perangkat lunak on a rekentuig moves across a network medium to an application perangkat lunak on another rekentuig. The OSI reference seperti is conceptually divided into 7 layers where each layer has a specific network function. The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) seperti is created by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) which provides a structured logic framework for how gegevens communication processes interact through the network. This standard is developed for the rekentuig industry for computers to communicate on different networks efficiently.

Terdapat 7 layer pada seperti OSI. Setiap layer bertanggungjawab secara istimewa pada proses hubungan gegevens. Contohnya, satu layer bertanggungjawab buat membangun koneksi antar perangkat, sementara layer lainnya bertanggungjawab buat mengoreksi terjadinya “error” selama proses transfer gegevens berlangsung.

6. MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Exension)

Protokol yang dipergunakan buat mengirim arsip binary dalam bentuk teks.

7. SMB (Server Messange Block)

1. TELNET

The protocol used for remote access goes to a host, the gegevens runs ter another text.

2. SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)

One of the protocols commonly used ter sending e-mail on the internet or to send gegevens from the rekentuig sending e-mail to the recipient's e-mail server.

3. SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol)

The protocol used ter a network management.

Session layer:

This 5th layer serves to define how connections can be created, maintained, or destroyed. Te addition, at this level also carried the name resolution.

The protocols that are ter this layer:

1. NETBIOS

Serves spil a message broadcasting its intent allows the user to send a single message simultaneously to another connected rekentuig.

2. NETBEUI (NETBIOS Extended User Interface)

Served equally with NETBIOS only slightly expanded by adding functionality that enables working with a variety of hardware and perangkat lunak.
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3. ADSP (AppleTalk Gegevens Stream Protocol)

his protocol functions to monitor the flow between two computers and to check the gegevens flow is not interrupted.

4. PAP (Printer Access Protocol)

Serves the Postscript printer for access on the AppleTalk network and for controlling how the communication patterns are between nodes.

5. SPDU (Session Protocol Gegevens unit)

Functioning supports the relationship between two user service sessions.

6. RCP

Vervoer layer

This 4th layer serves to pauze the gegevens into gegevens packets and provide the serial number to the packets so that it can be rearranged on the side of destination once received. Te addition, at this level it also creates a sign that the packet is received successfully (acknowledgment), and retransmits the missing packets ter the middle of the path.

The protocols that are ter this layer:


1. TCP (Trasmission Control Protocol)

A protocol that provides a full service vervoer layer for the application.

2. UDP (User Datagram Protocol)

Connectionless protocol and process-to-procces that only add port address, cheksum error control and length of gegevens information on the layer above it.

Network layer

This 3rd layer serves to define IP addresses, create headers for packets, and then routing through internetworking using routers and layer-3 switches.
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The protocols that are ter this layer:

1. IP (Internetworking Protocol)

The transmission mechanism used to vervoer gegevens ter packets called datagrams.

2. ARP (Address Resulotion Protocol)

The protocol used to find the IP address based on the physical address of a rekentuig.

3. RARP (Reverse Address Resulotion Protocol)

The protocol used to know the physical address through the rekentuig IP.

4. ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol)

The mechanism used by some hosts to send datagram notifications that are having problems with their hosts.

5. IGMP (Internet Group Message Protocol)

The protocol used to provide simultaneous message facilities to the receiving group.

 Gegevens-link layer:


This 2nd layer serves to determine how gegevens onaardig are grouped into a format called a frame. Te addition, at this level there is error correction, flow control, hardware addressing (such spil Media Access Control Address (MAC Address)), and determines how network devices such spil hubs, bridges, repeaters, and layer 2 switches operate. The IEEE 802 specification divides this level into two child levels, the Logical Listig Control (LLC) layer and the Media Access Control (MAC) layer.

The protocols that are ter this layer:

1. PPP (Point to Point Protocol)


The protocol used for point to point on a network.

2. SLIP (Serial Line Internet Protocol)

The protocol used to connect serial.

Physical layer:


This 1st layer serves to define network transmission media, signaling methods, bit synchronization, network architecture (such spil Ethernet or Token Stadionring), network topology and cabling. Te addition, this level also defines how the Network Interface Card (NIC) can interact with cable or radio media.

The protocols that are ter this layer:

It does not have any specific protocols ter this layer, is responsible for processing gegevens into onaardig and transferring them through media, such spil cables, and maintaining physical connections between systems, ter this layer only sending bit onaardig of gegevens.

The TCP / IP architecture is not based on the OSI seven-layer reference seperti, but uses the DARPA reference seperti. Spil shown ter the diagram above, TCP / IP implements a layered architecture consisting of four layers.

Thesis four layers, can be mapped (though not directly) to the OSI reference seperti. Thesis four layers, sometimes referred to spil DARPA Models, Internet Models, or DoD Models, remember TCP / IP is a protocol originally developed from the ARPANET project initiated by the US Department of Defense.

Here are all kinds of TCP / IP Layer, namely:

Serves to provide services to perangkat lunak that runs on the rekentuig. The protocols that operate on the Application Layer: HTTP, FTP, POP3, SMTP, etc.

Vervoer Layer serves to provide services that will be used by Application Layer. It has 2 main protocols TCP and UDP.
Internet Layer has a function spil a provider of IP Addressing function, routing, and determine the best path. Internet Layer has 1 protocol that is TCP / IP.
It functions to define the protocols and hardware-hardware used ter gegevens transmission. Te this layer there are protocols like ethernet on LAN, PPP on WAN, and also Frame Relay.

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